徐州市煤矿关闭区社会——生态系统恢复力评估与分区治理策略研究

Study on the Assessment of Ecosystem Resilience and Zoning Governance Strategies in the Closed Coal Mine Areas in Xuzhou City

摘要:

典型煤矿关闭区普遍面临生态退化与社会经济衰退的双重困境，科学测度社会生态系统恢复力并制定针对性修复策略，对于资源型城市转型与可持续发展具有重要意义。本文以徐州市为例，创新性地将社会生态系统恢复力理论引入煤矿关闭区研究，构建涵盖生态、社会、经济与治理四个维度的评价指标体系。研究结合熵值法与多准则决策分析（MCDA），对各涉矿乡镇恢复力进行定量测度与空间分异分析，以揭示关键驱动因子与梯度分布规律。结果表明，徐州市煤矿关闭区恢复力指数介于0.38~0.66之间，呈“高—中—低”空间梯度格局：市辖区及产业转型较快的乡镇恢复力最高（0.66），外围塌陷严重、产业单一地区最低（0.38）。熵值法确权结果显示，塌陷损毁程度（0.28）、自然条件（0.22）和社会资本（0.11）是主要驱动因子，说明生态约束与社会适应共同主导系统恢复。基于分级结果，提出差异化修复策略：高恢复力区以自然恢复和低度干预为主，中恢复力区采取人工修复与产业转型并行的路径，低恢复力区需依赖重点工程修复与异地补偿。研究深化了社会生态系统恢复力理论在关闭矿区的应用，为资源型城市生态修复与可持续转型提供科学支撑与实践依据。

Abstract:

Typical coal mine closure areas generally face the dual dilemma of ecological degradation and socioeconomic decline. Scientifically measuring the resilience of the social ecosystem and formulating targeted restoration strategies are of great significance for the transformation and sustainable development of resourcebased cities. In this paper, taking Xuzhou city as an example, the theory of social ecosystem resilience has been and innovatively introduced into the study of coal mine closure areas. An evaluation index system covering ecology, society, economy and governance has been constructed. Combining entropy method and multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) together, the resilience of various mining towns have been quantitatively measured and spatially differentiated in order to reveal key driving factors and gradient distribution patterns. It is showed that the resilience index of coal mine closure areas in Xuzhou city ranges from 0.38 to 0.66 with a spatial gradient pattern of "high medium low". The resilience of urban areas and towns with faster industrial transformation is the highest (0.66), while the resilience of areas with severe peripheral subsidence and single industries is the lowest (0.38). The results of entropy method for property rights confirmation show that the degree of collapse damage (0.28), natural conditions (0.22), and social capital (0.11) are main driving factors. It is indicated that ecological constraints and social adaptation jointly dominate system restoration. Based on the grading results, a differentiated restoration strategy is proposed: high resilience areas mainly rely on natural restoration and lowlevel intervention, medium resilience areas adopt a parallel path of manual restoration and industrial transformation, and low resilience areas rely on key engineering restoration and offsite compensation. The research deepens the application of the theory of social ecosystem resilience in closed mining areas. It will provide scientific support and practical basis for ecological restoration and sustainable transformation of resourcebased cities.