基于FCE—GIS的济南市莱芜区生态敏感性分析及分区治理研究

Study on Ecological Sensitivity and Zonal Governance of Laiwu District in Ji'nan City Based on FCEGIS

摘要:

针对矿产资源型区县生态敏感性评价中因子边界模糊和人为干扰刻画不足等问题，以典型铁矿聚集区：山东省莱芜区为研究对象，引入模糊综合评价法（FCE），集成“自然—人文—矿业”多维评价因子，构建五级生态敏感性评价体系，结合GIS空间分析技术开展生态敏感性精细化评价与分区治理研究。研究显示：莱芜区生态敏感性空间分异特征显著，极度与高度敏感区面积占比达21.96%，主要集中于北部生态脆弱带与中部矿业核心区，呈现“多地质灾害—高生态价值—强矿业扰动”的三高叠加特征；中度敏感区面积占比29.61%，为生态系统过渡区域；低度及不敏感区面积占比48.43%，主要分布于西部北部平原及城镇核心区。该研究结果揭示了矿业活动与生态格局的耦合机制，验证了FCE模型在资源型区域生态评价中应用的优越性。基于此，提出以“风险精准防控—生态修复与GEP增值—韧性制度创新”为核心的分区治理策略，为同类区域生态安全维护与可持续发展提供理论支撑与实践范式。

Abstract:

In response to the problems of fuzzy factor boundaries and insufficient human interference in ecological sensitivity evaluation of mineral resource-based counties, taking a typical iron ore gathering area in Laiwu district in Ji'nan city as the research object, by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method (FCE), integrating multi-dimensional evaluation factors of "natural human mining", a five level ecological sensitivity evaluation system has been constructed. Combining with GIS spatial analysis technology, refined ecological sensitivity evaluation and zoning governance research have been carried out. It is showed that spatial differentiation characteristics of ecological sensitivity in Laiwu district are significant, with extreme and highly sensitive areas accounting for 21.96% of the total area. It is mainly concentrated in the northern ecologically fragile zone and the central mining core area, and presents three high superposition characteristics of "multiple geological disasters, high ecological value, and strong mining disturbance"; The proportion of moderately sensitive areas is 29.61%, which is a transitional zone of the ecosystem. Low and insensitive areas account for 48.43% of the total area, and mainly distribute in the western and northern plains and urban core areas. The coupling mechanism between mining activities and ecological patterns has been revealled, and the superiority of FCE model in ecological evaluation of resource-based regions has been verified. Based on this, a zoning governance strategy with "precise risk prevention and control ecological restoration and GEP value-added resilience institutional innovation" as the core has been proposed. It will provide theoretical support and practical paradigms for the maintenance of ecological security and sustainable development in similar regions.