安徽凤阳沿淮乡镇土壤养分地球化学特征研究及综合评价

Study on Geochemical Characteristics and Comprehensive Evaluation of Soil Nutrients in Townships along Huaihe River in Fengyang County in Anhui Province

摘要:

本文基于1∶5万土地质量地球化学调查数据，以凤阳县沿淮乡镇表层土壤为研究对象，系统分析了研究区氮、磷、钾、有机质等养分指标的含量特征，总结了其地球化学分布、分配规律，并在此基础上划分了土壤养分地球化学综合等级。结果表明：沿淮地区土壤养分空间分布差异显著，其中K2O含量分布相对均匀，P、N、有机质及有效态养分变化系数大于0.3，呈不均匀分布。受到淮河的淹水环境与河湖沉积物影响，研究区土壤整体表现为养分元素总量不足，但有效态转化能力较强的特征。土壤养分地球化学综合评价表明，该地区土壤养分以中等—较缺乏为主，占比高达85.03%。研究成果可为沿淮地区土地资源规划与农业可持续发展提供参考依据。

Abstract:

Based on geochemical survey data of land quality with the scale of 1∶500000, taking the surface soil of towns along Huaihe river in Fengyang county as the research object, the content characteristics of nutrient indicators, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter in the study area have been systematically analyzed, and geochemical distribution and allocation rules have been summarized. Based on this, comprehensive geochemical grade of soil nutrients has been divided. It is showed that there are significant differences in spatial distribution of soil nutrients in Huaihe river area, with a relatively uniform distribution of the content of K2O. The coefficient of variation of P, N, organic matter and available nutrients is greater than 0.3 with an uneven distribution. Due to the flooding environment of Huaihe river and the influence of river and lake sediments, the soil in the study area shows a characteristic of insufficient total nutrient elements but strong ability to transform available forms. As showed by comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrient geochemistry, soil nutrients in this region are mainly moderate to relatively deficient, and account for as much as 85.03%. The research results can provide references for land resource planning and sustainable agricultural development in Huaihe river region.