安徽淮北采煤沉陷区水体碳密度分布特征及固碳潜力研究

Study on Distribution Characteristics of Water Carbon Density and Carbon Sequestration Potential in Huaibei Coal Mining Subsidence Area in Anhui Province

摘要:

煤矿开采致使地表沉陷和植被覆盖率减少，进而引发高潜水位矿区沉陷区积水，原有生态系统碳库功能遭受损害。为明晰高潜水位矿区沉陷区水体“固碳增汇”潜力，本文以淮北市绿金湖已治理采煤沉陷区、五沟未治理采煤沉陷区以及自然水体白尤沟为研究对象，测定各区域水体自身、底泥及水生植被碳密度含量，分析碳密度含量分布差异，并探讨固碳能力。结果表明：各部分碳密度分布均为底泥＞水生植被＞水体，底泥为水体主要固碳场所，碳密度含量占比均超过97%。各区域碳密度分布为已治理采煤沉陷区＞未治理采煤沉陷区＞自然水体，已治理采煤沉陷区水体固碳能力较强，自然水体相对较弱，生态治理在一定程度可促进采煤沉陷区碳库恢复。研究结果可为测算两淮矿区乃至其他矿区固碳能力提供理论支撑及科学依据。

Abstract:

Coal mining activities have induced surface subsidence and a reduction in vegetation coverage, and led to water accumulation in subsidence areas of high groundwater level mining areas. The carbon storage function of the original ecosystem has been significantly destroyed. In order to clarify the carbon sequestration capacity of water bodies in subsidence areas of high groundwater level mining areas, taking the treated coal mining subsidence area of Lvjin Lake in Huaibei city, the untreated coal mining subsidence area in Wugou area, and natural water body in Baiyougou as the research objects, the carbon density content of the water body itself, sediment and aquatic vegetation in each region have been measured, and the distribution differences of carbon density content have been analyzed, and the carbon sequestration capacity has been studied. It is showed that the carbon density distribution of each part is sediment>aquatic vegetation>water body. Sediment is main carbon sequestration site in water, and the carbon density content accounts for over 97%. The distribution of carbon density in each region is as follows: coal mining subsidence areas that have been treated>coal mining subsidence areas that have not been treated>natural water bodies. Water bodies in treated coal mining subsidence areas have strong carbon sequestration capacity, while natural water bodies are relatively weak. Ecological treatment can promote the recovery of carbon pools in coal mining subsidence areas to a certain extent. The research results can provide theoretical support and scientific basis for calculating the carbon sequestration capacity of mining areas in Huai'nan area and Huaibei area, and even other mining areas.