我国海岛礁综合地质调查工作回顾与展望

Review and Prospect of Comprehensive Geological Survey of Island Reefs in China

摘要:

我国约有11000个海岛礁，是开发海洋经济的纽带，是维护国家海洋权益的桥头堡。本文详细介绍了海岛礁的地质调查的历史与现状，系统总结了岛礁基础地质、矿产资源、地下水资源、地质灾害、地质遗迹、遥感地质等调查成果，结合国家、社会、经济发展与资源、环境并重的宏观背景，建议开展一轮全国海岛礁综合地质调查；扩大调查范围与精度；推进以岛礁为中心的重大工程项目；实施区域矿产资源、水资源、地质灾害等调查与评价；设置典型岛礁专项地质调查；强化海岛礁地球系统科学理论研究；以项目带动科研的方式，促进岛礁地质学的发展，提升地质科技创新能力；制定岛礁地质调查技术规程指导项目开展；建立岛礁综合地质信息档案服务社会，发挥地质工作的基础性、公益性、战略性作用，为国家资源安全保障和社会经济发展提供可靠的地质支撑。

Abstract:

There are about 11000 islands reefs in China. They are the link to develope marine economy, and a bridgehead for safeguarding national maritime rights and interests with great strategic significance. In this paper, survey history and present situation of geological survey of island reefs have been introduced in detail. The achievements and understanding of comprehensive geological survey on island reefs have been summarized systematically, including the results of basic geology, mineral resources, groundwater resources, geological disasters, geological relics and remote sensing geology. Combining with macro background of national, social and economic development, resources and environment, it is suggested that a round of national comprehensive geological surveys on island reefs should be carried out to expand the scope and accuracy of the surveys. Major engineering projects centered on islands reef should be advanced. Investigations and assessments of regional mineral resources, water resources, and geological disasters should be carried out. Special geological surveys of typical island reef should be set up. Scientific theoretical research on the earth system of island reefs should be strengthened. The development of island geology by means of projectdriven scientific research should be promoted, and the innovation ability of geological science and technology should be enhanced. Technical regulations for geological survey of island reefs should be made to guide project implementation. Comprehensive geological information archives of island reefs should be established to serve the society. Basic, public welfare and strategic role of geological work should be played for providing reliable geological support for national resource security and social and economic development.