基于Landsat影像的日照市海岸线时空变化特征

Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of the Coastline in Rizhao City Based on Landsat Imagery

摘要:

海岸线作为衔接陆地和海洋的纽带，具有重要的生态功能和资源价值，研究海岸线时空演变特征，对当地近海域空间资源的保护、开发、修复治理等方面具有重要指导意义。本文基于1990—2024年的长时间序列Landsat影像数据，采用目视解译法，研究日照市海岸线时空演变特征，研究结果表明：海岸线呈现逐年增长的态势，其中2005—2010年间增速最快，平均每年增速达4.03 km/a；自然岸线和人工岸线整体呈现出此消彼长的态势，自然岸线保有率由1990年的62.10%下降至2024年的18.24%；海岸线整体空间格局呈现不稳定的态势，向海一侧推进速度远超向大陆一侧后退速度，其中日照港、岚山港等局部地区变化最为剧烈；研究时段内海岸线多样性程度较高，海岸线变化受人为作用的影响较大。

Abstract:

As a link between land and the ocean, the coastline has important ecological functions and resource value. Studying the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the coastline has important guiding significance for the protection, development, restoration and management of local nearshore spatial resources. In this paper, based on long-term landsat image data from 1990 to 2024, by using visual interpretation method, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the coastline in Rizhao city has been studied. As showed by the research result, the coastline shows a trend of annual growth, with the fastest growth rate from 2005 to 2010, and with an average annual growth rate of 4.03km/a. The overall trend of natural shoreline and artificial shoreline shows a trade-off, with the retention rate of natural shoreline decreasing from 62.10% in 1990 to 18.24% in 2024. The overall spatial pattern of the coastline shows an unstable trend, with the advancing speed towards the sea side far exceeding the retreating speed towards the mainland side. Rizhao Port and Lanshan Port experience the most drastic changes. During the research period, the diversity of the coastline is relatively high, and the changes in the coastline are greatly influenced by human activities.