土壤—玉米中硒元素迁移富集特征研究——以山东省济南市章丘区宁家埠镇为例

Study on the Characteristics of Migration and Enrichment of Selenium Elements in Soil—Maize ——Taking Ningjiabu Town in Zhangqiu District in Ji'nan City as an Example

摘要:

为研究章丘区宁家埠镇土壤中硒元素在土壤—玉米中的迁移富集特征，采集耕地中表层土壤样品160件，玉米根系土及对应的根、茎、叶及籽实配套样品20组，进行硒及重金属元素含量测试。结果表明：研究区土壤呈中偏碱性，以富硒及足硒土壤为主，Se含量0.08～0.52mg/kg，土壤硒全量与有效态含量受土壤有机质及pH的影响，玉米根、茎、叶富集Cd、Cu的能力强，籽实富集Se的能力较强；籽实中Se含量与根系土中Se含量呈显著正相关关系，籽实中Se与重金属元素（除Hg外）含量呈弱相互拮抗关系，能够抑制籽实对重金属元素的吸收。研究区所有玉米籽实样品均达到富硒玉米标准，符合绿色食品及安全食品标准。本研究成果可为该镇富硒土地资源开发及富硒玉米基地建设提供依据。

Abstract:

In order to study the characteristics of migration and accumulation of selenium element in soil—maize in Ningjiabu town in Zhangqiu district, 160 surface soil samples have been collected from farmland, and 20 sets of maize roots soil, root, stem, leaf and seed samples have been collected, and the selenium and the heavy metal element content test have been carried out. It is showed that selenium-rich and selenium-sufficient soils are dominant in the study area, and the soils are neutral and alkaline. The content of total and available selenium in soil is affected by soil organic matter and pH. Maize roots, stems and leaves could enrich Cd and Cu, while seeds could enrich Se. The content of Se in seed is positively correlated with the content of Se in root soil, and the content of Se in seed is negatively correlated with the content of heavy metal (except Hg). It could inhibit the absorption of heavy metal in seed. The soil environment in the study area is clean, and all seed samples meet the standard of selenium-enriched corn, which is in line with the standard of green food and safe food. The results of this study can provide a basis for the development of selenium-rich land resources and the construction of selenium-rich corn base in this town.