黄河下游流域土壤—作物系统硒元素地球化学特征——以山东省冠县为例

Geochemical Characteristics of Selenium in Soil Crop System in the Lower Reach of the Yellow River——Taking Guanxian County in Shandong Province as an Example

摘要:

以黄河下游流域山东省聊城市冠县地区为典型研究区，开展1∶5万土地质量地球化学调查评价工作。共采集表层（0～20cm）土壤样品5222件，计算土壤硒地球化学参数，系统分析了土壤硒含量的空间分布特征，初步探讨了硒元素影响因素及土壤作物系统硒元素迁移特征。结果表明：冠县地区表层土壤硒含量变幅为0.08～0.31mg/kg，平均含量0.195mg/kg，属于足硒状态，占整个调查研究区的77.91％。不同土壤类型和地质单元硒含量有一定差异，在土壤剖面中硒含量随深度增加含量逐渐降低，总体呈现表聚性。研究区农作物不同部位硒含量富集能力不同，小麦籽实硒含量平均值为0.007mg/kg，呈低硒特征，建议通过农业土壤改良、科技创新，提高农作物中硒的含量。

Abstract:

Taking Guanxian county in Liaocheng city in Shandong province as a typical study area in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin, geochemical survey and evaluation of land quality with the scale of 1∶50000 have been carried out. 5222 surface soil samples ( 0~20cm ) have been collected, and geochemical parameters of soil selenium have been calculated. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil selenium content have been systematically analyzed, and the influencing factors of selenium and the migration characteristics of selenium in soilcrop system have been preliminarily discussed. It is showed that the selenium content in the surface soil of Guanxian area is 0.08~0.31mg / kg, and average content is 0.195mg/kg. It belongs to the sufficient selenium state, and accounts for 77.91% of the whole study area. There are some differences in selenium content in different soil types and geological units. The selenium contents in the soil profile decrease gradually with the increase of depth, and generally show surface aggregation. The enrichment ability of selenium in different parts of crops in the study area is different. The average selenium content in wheat seeds is 0.007mg/kg, which is characterized by low selenium. The selenium content in crops should be improved through agricultural soil improvement and scientific and technological innovation.