鲁中南典型岩溶水系统地下水污染预警评价

Study on the Early Warning of Groundwanter Pollution in Typical Karst Water System in Middle and South Shandong Province

摘要:

地下水污染预警是区域地下水资源保护的重要手段。山东双村岩溶水系统是典型的鲁中南单斜构造型岩溶水系统之一，现开采量39.848万m3/d，为特大型岩溶水源地。30余年的水质监测数据表明，岩溶水水质逐渐变差、水化学类型变复杂。在查明水文地质条件、污染源调查和长序列水质监测的基础上，构建了有针对性的地下水污染风险评价指标体系，通过全面考虑地下水水质现状、水质变化趋势和地下水污染风险等主要影响因素，采用综合指标法开展了地下水污染预警研究。研究区地下水污染预警为中警区和巨警区，地下水补径排条件、污染源分布以及含水层防污性能是主要影响因素，控制废水排污量、严格执行达标排放以及建立完善地下水水质动态监测网络是控制地下水污染的重要手段。本次构建的地下水污染风险评价指标体系较为合理，预警结果较为可信，对地下水污染预警评价具有一定的借鉴意义。

Abstract:

Early warning of groundwanter pollution is an important means of regional groundwater resources protection. Shuangcun karst water system is a typical monoclinic karst water system. The mining capacity is 39.848 ten thousands m3/d. As showed by the water quality monitoring data for more than 30 years, karst water quality is gradually getting worse and hydrochemical types is becoming more complex. Based on the investigation of hydrogeological conditions, pollution sources and longterm water quality monitoring data, a target groundwater pollution risk assessment index system has been established. By comprehensively considering main influencing factors, such as present condition of groundwater quality, water quality change trend and groundwater pollution risk, by using comprehensive index method, study on early warning of groundwater pollution has been carried out. It is showed that the study area is in the middle and heavy alarm areas. At the same time, it is believed that present condition of groundwater quality is a true reflection of the longterm accumulation of groundwater pollution, and has a strong correlation with the results. The established evaluation system is reliable, which has certain reference significance for the early warning evaluation of groundwater pollution.