基于层次分析法的地质灾害易发性评价应用——以日照市为例

Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in the Assesment of Geological Hazard Susceptibility——Taking Rizhao City as an Example

摘要:

以基础地质数据为数据源，充分研究日照市地质灾害孕灾环境，采用层次分析法，分析选取地貌、构造、地层、岩浆岩、降水量和人类工程活动强度6种评价因子，建立层次结构模型，计算各个影响因子的权重，对各个因子进行分析并进行归一化处理，将各个评价因子与其权重进行加权叠加计算，最终得出日照市地质灾害易发性分区结果，划分出低、中和高易发区3类分区并完成精度检验。日照市地质灾害重点分布于沂沭断裂带的昌邑大店断裂、安丘莒县断裂通过的区域和低山、丘陵地貌区以及矿产资源开采引发的采空塌陷等地，此类区域需重点防治。采用层次分析法将地质灾害危险性评价过程层次化、定量化，从一个新的角度对日照市地质灾害危险性进行定量化评价和分区，分区结果较客观地反映实际情况。

Abstract:

Regarding basic geological data as data sources, geological hazard inducing environment in Rizhao city has been studied. By using analytic hierarchy process, choosing six evaluation factors, including landform,structure, formation, magmatic rocks, Precipitation and Intensity of human engineering activities, hierarchical model has been constructed, the weight of each influencing factor has been calculated, each factor has been analyzed and normalized, each evaluation factor and its weight have been calculated by weighted superposition, and the results of geological disaster susceptibility zone in Rizhao city have been obtained. It can be divided into easy, medium easy and high easy happening areas. The accuracy test has been completed. Geological disasters in Rizhao city mainly distribute in ChangyiDadian fault and AnqiuJuxian fault, low mountains, hilly landform area and goaf subsidence area caused by mining of mineral resources. This areas needs to be protected. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to make the risk assessment of geological disasters hierarchical and quantitative. From a new point of view, the risk of geological disasters in Rizhao city is quantitatively evaluated and divided. The results of zoning objectively reflect the actual situation.