日照市海洋牧场示范区人工鱼礁选址适宜性分析

Analysis on Suitability of Site Selection for Artificial Reef of Marine Ranch Demonstration Area in Rizhao City

摘要:

海洋牧场是改变近海生态环境和增养殖水产资源的渔业模式，其聚鱼效应、改善海域生态环境及增殖渔业资源效果明显。该文选用海水深度及质量、海底地形、地层结构、沉积物类型、水动力条件等指标对日照市海洋牧场示范区人工鱼礁选址适宜性进行评价，评价结果显示：日照市4个国家级海洋牧场示范区和8个省级海洋牧场示范区中，不适宜建设人工鱼礁的海洋牧场有5个，适宜的有7个，主要位于日照市北部的两城镇东南侧海域和南部的涛雒镇东侧海域。7个海洋牧场所在海域离岸3～20km，水深6～22m，沉积物以砂为主，海底地势平缓，海底表面承载力为5~6t/m2，流速介于0.2～0.8m/s，海水水质清洁，饵料生物丰富。

Abstract:

Marine ranch is a kind of means for changing ecological environment, increasing and breeding aquatic resources near sea. Based on surveying data of single beam, subbottom profile, shallow sediments as well as collecting of former data, characteristics of submarine topography, stratum structure, sediment types, hydrodynamic conditions and present condition of the construction of artificial reef have been analyzed in this paper. As showed by the results, the sea areas of Rizhao city that satisfy artificial reef construction conditions are in southeast side of Liangcheng town and east side of Taoluo town. There are 7 out of 4 national marine ranches and 8 provincial marine ranches that satisfy artificial reef construction conditions. These areas are between 3 and 20 kilometers away from the coastline where water depths are between 6 and 22 meters and seafloor gradient is gentle. The bearing capacity is more than five tons per square meter, meanwhile, current velocity is generally less than 0.8 meters per second. The water quality in these area is clean, and the food in water is abundant.