基于村镇尺度的建设用地变化时空特征分析——以浙江省安吉县为例

Analysis on Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Construction Using Land Change Based on Village and Town Scale—Setting Anji County in Zhejiang Province as an Example

摘要:

基于村域和镇域微观尺度，使用探索性空间数据分析方法和建设用地扩展差异指数对安吉县2009—2017年的建设用地时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明：全县建设用地呈现持续粗放扩张态势，人口增长速率远低于建设用地扩张速度，内部结构不合理，农村居民点用地扩张是其主导形式，对建设用地增长的年均贡献率为55.56%。从空间分布格局来看，村域尺度上建设用地总量具有显著的空间溢出效应，“高高”集聚区域分布在经济发达的中心城区和工业基础较好的石龙村、独山头村以及晓墅村，“低低”集聚区域主要沿西部及南部山区丘陵的边缘地带分布，“高低”热点区域集中在北部工业园区的高禹村和张芝村周围，“低高”冷点区域围绕中心城区“高高”区域的四周分布。从建设用地扩展差异来看，乡镇尺度上的扩展速度具有明显的“北快、中高、南低”的区域分异总体特征，同一阶段区域之间扩展速度不平衡性突出，不同阶段区域内部扩展速度不充分性显著。村域尺度上，快速发展和高速发展的区域集中在中心城区和北部工业园区且集聚效果不断增强，建设用地数量呈现下降的区域逐渐向西南山区的村域集聚，城乡二元结构特征明显。

Abstract:

Based on village and town scale, by using the method of exploratory spatial data analysis and extended difference index of construction using land, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of construction using land in Anji county from 2009 to 2017 have been analyzed. It is showed that: construction using land in this county keeps rapid expansion. Its expanding rate is much faster than the growth rate of population. The internal structure of construction using land is not reasonable, and the expansion of rural residential land is the leading form. The average contributing rate is 55.56% to the growth of construction using land. The total amount of construction using land on village scale has a significant spatial spillover effect. "High-high" clustered areas are distributed in the economically developed central urban area and the industrial areas, such as Shilong village，Dushantou village and Xiaoshu village; “low-low” clustered areas are mainly distributed along the edge of the western and southern mountains and hills；"High-low” hot spots are concentrated around Gaoyu village and Zhangzhi village in the northern industrial zone, and "low-high" cold spots are distributed around the "high-high" areas in the central urban area. The construction land expansion speed of township scale shows an overall characteristics. It is fast in the north and high in the middle but low in the south. Additionally，the unbalance of expansion speed between regions in the same stage is prominent and the insufficiency of expansion speed within regions in different stages is significant. On the scale of village，the areas with rapid development and high speed are concentrated in the central urban areas and the northern industrial zones，and the effect of agglomeration is constantly enhanced. The areas with decreasing construction land quantity gradually gather to the village areas in the southwest mountainous areas，so the characteristics of spatial dual structure are obvious.