影响恐龙化石及围岩风化破坏的主要因素及风化机理研究

Study on Main Factors Affecting Weathering Damage to Dinosaur Fossils and Surrounding Rocks and Weathering Mechanism

摘要:

导致恐龙化石及围岩风化破坏的因素十分复杂，其自身的物质组成、结构构造、胶结物的类型等内部因素决定了其抵御风化破坏的能力。化石及围岩的物理化学成分越稳定、结构构造越致密完整，其抗风化能力就越强。气温的反复变化以及各种气体、盐类、水溶液和生物的活动等外部因素，是促使恐龙化石或围岩发生风化破坏的直接的原因。这些风化包括物理风化、化学风化和生物风化。它们使组成化石或围岩的矿物成分发生分解、结构构造发生变化，使化石或围岩由整块变成碎块，由坚硬变得疏松，甚至化学成分也发生改变，从而造成了化石或围岩的风化破坏。

Abstract:

The factors leading to weathering damage of dinosaur fossils and surrounding rocks are very complex. The internal factors, such as material composition, structure and type of cements determine the ability of dinosaur to resist weathering damage. The more stable the physical and chemical composition of fossils and surrounding rocks, the more compact and complete the structure, the stronger the weathering resistance. Recurrent changes in temperature and external factors, such as various gases, salts, aqueous solutions and biological activities are direct reasons for the weathering destruction of dinosaur fossils or surrounding rocks. These weathering include physical weathering, chemical weathering and biological weathering. They decompose the mineral composition of the fossil or wall rocks, change the structures, the whole block of the fossils or wall rocks into fragments, from hard to loose, and even change the chemical composition. Thus causing the weathering destruction of the fossil or wall rock.