济南东部岩溶水有机污染健康风险评价

Health Risk Assessment of Organic Pollution of Karst Water in Eastern Jinan

摘要:

近年来，济南岩溶水有机污染越来越突出，为了探究济南岩溶水有机污染对居民健康造成的影响，保障饮用水安全，该文在系统分析研究区水文地质条件的基础上，采用USEPA推荐的健康风险评价模型，根据实际采样测试数据，分析评价了济南东部3处岩溶水井点的有机污染对其范围内暴露人群造成的健康风险。结果表明：检出的主要有机污染物为三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯。3个水井的有机污染非致癌风险未超过限值1，在可接受的范围内，四氯化碳的非致癌风险所占比例最大，为89.85%；3个采样点有机污染致癌风险，超出了其可接受水平的最小限制106，但均未超出可接受的致癌风险的最大限制104，风险指数均在106～5.0×105之间，应该引起关注，产生致癌风险的主要污染物为三氯乙烯。有机污染非致癌风险和致癌风险的主要暴露途径为呼吸吸入，其次是饮水吸收，皮肤接触暴露途径风险值最小。

Abstract:

In recent years, organic pollution of karst water is becoming increasingly acute. In order to study the effect of organic pollution on the health of residents and protect drinking water, on the basis of studying hydro-geological conditions of this area, by using health risk evaluation model recommended by USEPA, according to actual sampling datas, health risk of organic pollution in three karst water wells in eastern Jinan has been analyzed and evaluated. It is showed that main organic pollutants are chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene and terrachloroethylene. Non-carcinogenic risk of organic pollution of three wells are below the prescribed limit of 1.0, which is in the acceptable range. The proportion of non-carcinogenic risk of carbon tetrachloride is 87.72, which is the maximum. Carcinogenic risk of three wells exceed the prescribed minimum limits of 10-6, but do not exceed the prescribed maximum limit of 10-4. The risk index is 10-6～5.0×10-5. It should be paid more attention and concern. Main exposure way is the inhalation absorption, followed by oral absorption, and the risk of skin exposure pathway is the minimum.