山东泰山玉矿的发现及矿床和玉石特征

Discovery and Characteristics of Taishan Jade Deposit in Shandong Province

摘要:

泰山玉矿主要分布于济南和泰安市交界的界首—石腊地区，该矿原为作钙镁磷肥用的蛇纹岩矿床，开采过程中发现部分可以作为玉石利用；此后经勘查评价和研究开发，成为价值较高的玉石矿。泰山玉矿共发现7个矿体，矿床成因为超基性岩浆变质矿床。泰山玉赋存于蛇纹岩中，包括绿色系列和黑色系列；主要矿物成分为叶蛇纹石，化学成分除Si,Mg外，还含有Fe,Ni,Cr,Ca,Al等元素。泰山玉由细小的叶片状、鳞片状蛇纹石单晶交织而成，结构致密，透明度较差。泰山玉的折射率在1.540～1.589之间，摩氏硬度在2.5～6.5之间，密度值在2.41～2.93g/cm3之间。玉石分为3个类型：泰山碧玉、泰山花（翠）斑玉和泰山墨玉。

Abstract:

Taishan jade deposit is mainly distributed in JieshouShila area at the junction of Jinan and Tai'an city. It is originally a serpentine deposit used for calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer. Some of the serpentine deposits discovered in the mining process can be used as jade. It has become a valuable jade deposit after exploration, evaluation and research. Seven ore bodies have been discovered in Taishan jade deposit. It occurs in serpentinite, including green series and black series，and its main mineral composition is serpentine, whose chemical composition contains Fe, Ni, Cr, CA, Al and other elements besides Si, Mg. Taishan jade is composed of tiny leaflike and scalelike serpentine single crystals, with dense structure and poor transparency. The refractive index of Taishan jade is between 1.540~1.589, the Mohs hardness is between 2.5~6.5, and the density values are between 2.41~2.93 g/cm3. Jade is divided into three types as Taishan jasper, Taishan speckled jade and Taishan dark jade.