多元统计在化探数据分析中的应用——以沂源县鲁村镇崮山村地区土壤化探测量为例

Application of Multivariate Statistics in Geochemical Data Analysis—Setting Geochemical Soil Survey in Gushan Village in Lucun Town of Yiyuan County as an Example

摘要:

地球化学元素的多元统计分析可以推测地球化学元素在复杂的成矿过程中的组合及演化特征，从而为预测找矿提供有用的微观信息。应用多元统计方法，对沂源县鲁村镇崮山村地区土壤、岩石地球化学测量数据进行研究分析，得出：与中国东部岩石丰度对比，研究区岩石背景特征为Au，Ag，Pb，Sb，As，Hg元素富集，Cu，Zn贫化；与山东省土壤背景值对比，研究区土壤背景值中Au，Ag，Cu，Pb，Zn元素都出现了不同程度的富集。区内成矿元素组合特征表现为：Ag，Pb，Zn元素之间相关性较强，其中Ag、Pb元素之间的相关性最强，反应出了组合成矿的可能性；而Au与其他元素几乎不具相关性，Cu元素与Ag，Pb，Zn元素均具有弱相关性。通过因子分析得出成矿元素的富集与矿化过程大致可以划分3个阶段：AgPbZn元素组合的富集与矿化；Cu元素的富集与矿化；Au元素的富集与矿化；反映出了该区多期富集或蚀变矿化特点。利用因子得分圈定元素组合异常，通过异常分析，并结合地质背景、地质构造特征，最终圈定找矿有利靶区，为进一步找矿提供了科学依据。

Abstract:

The multivariate statistical analysis of geochemical elements can speculate the combination and evolutionary characteristics of geochemical elements in complex metallogenic processes. It will provide useful microscopic information for prediction of ore prospecting. By using multivariate statistical method, the data of geochemical rock survey and geochemical soil survey in the study area have been studied and analyzed. It is concluded that comparing with the rock abundances in eastern China, the rock background characteristics in the study area are enrichment of Au, Ag, Pb, Sb, As and Hg elements, and depletion of Cu and Zn. Comparing with the soil geochemical background values in Shandong province, Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, and Zn elements in the soil background values in the study area have been enriched to varying degrees. The combined characteristics of metallogenic elements in the area are as follows: Ag, Pb, and Zn elements are relatively strong, and the correlation between Ag and Pb elements is the strongest, reflecting the possibility of combined ore formation; However, Au has almost no correlation with other elements, and Cu has weak correlation with Ag, Pb, and Zn elements. Through factor analysis, the enrichment and mineralization process of ore-forming elements can be roughly divided into three stages: enrichment and mineralization of the combination of Ag, Pb, and Zn elements; enrichment and mineralization of Cu elements; and enrichment of Au elements. Mineralization shows the characteristics of multiple enrichment or altered mineralization in the area. By using factor scores, elemental combination anomalies have been delineated. Through anomaly analysis, combining with geological background and the characteristics of geological structures, favorable prospecting targets have been delineated eventually. It will provide scientific basis for further prospecting.