基于遥感和高程差异特征快速调查采煤塌陷地的方法研究——以山东省为例

Study on Rapid Investigation of Coal Mining Subsidence Based on Remote Sensing and Elevation Difference Characteristics—Taking Shandong Province as an Example

摘要:

煤矿开采产生的地表塌陷不仅造成耕地破坏，还会引发生态环境破坏及基础设施建设损毁，对社会经济发展造成严重的负面影响。如何快速摸清底数，进而理清责任并分类治理显得尤为重要。该文以山东省为例，研究借助遥感技术和DEM高程差异特征形成一套快速调查采煤塌陷地的技术方法，该方法重点调查地表在一定时期高程损失0.5m以上、且损害人民生产生活的采煤塌陷区域。通过研究，摸清了山东省采煤塌陷地位置、规模、损毁程度及土地用途等基本情况，并建立了采煤塌陷地基础数据库。

Abstract:

Surface subsidence caused by coal mining will not only destroy the cultivated land, but also can cause damage to ecological environment and infrastructure construction, and cause negative effect seriously for the social and economic development. How to quickly survey the base number of coal mining subsidence, and clarify responsibilities and classification management is particularly important. In this paper, taking Shandong province as an example, rapid investigation method of coal mining subsidence has been formed based on remote sensing and elevation difference characteristics. This method focuses on surveying the areas of coal mining collapse that the surface has lost more than 0.5m in a certain period and damages the people's production and life .Through study, the location, scale, damage degree, land use and other basic situations of coal mining subsidence have been identified, and the foundation database of coal mining subsidence in Shandong province has been established.