滨州市地面沉降成因浅析

Analysis on Land Subsidence in Binzhou City

摘要:

截至2016年4月，滨州市地面沉降量超过20mm的面积达到了2881km2，约占全市面积的30%，地面沉降灾害日益严重。为查明滨州市地面沉降现状和沉降成因，采用二等水准测量、地下水位监测、钻探取样、测试分析、地下水开采量调查等方法，对比2005年5月、2008年8月、2012年9月、2014年10月、2015年5月、2016年4月等多期二等水准测量数据和水位数据，从点、线、面3个方面进行了累计沉降量和沉降速率的分析，并从山前冲积、洪积平原水文地质单元区和黄河冲积平原水文地质单元区的水文地质特征、地层结构及其力学性质方面进行了滨州市地面沉降成因分析，基本查明了滨州市地面沉降现状及其演变特征，揭示了超量抽取地下水造成地下水位下降和具有较大压缩性的地层结构是影响该区地面沉降的2个主要因素。

Abstract:

By April 2016, over 20mm area of the land subsidence in Binzhou reached 2881km2, which is about 30% of the total. From May 2005 to April 2016, the cumulative subsidence of whole Boxing, Bincheng are more than 100mm. The subsidence center of Bincheng has reached 392mm, while it is 667mm in Boxing. The land subsidence in Binzhou city is becoming more and more serious. In order to find out the current situation and the causes of land subsidence, through land subsidence measurement, groundwater level monitoring, drilling sampling, testing and analysis, groundwater survey and other methods, comparing secondclass leveling data and water level data in May 2005, August 2008, September 2012, October 2014, May 2015 and April 2016, from the aspects of points, lines and surfaces, accumulating settlement amount and settlement rate have been analyzed. From the aspects of geological characteristics, the formation structures and the mechanical properties of hydrogeological units, including the piedmont alluvial plain, the flood plain hydrogeological unit area, and the the Yellow River hydrogeological unit, the current situation and evolution characteristics of land subsidence in Binzhou city have been found. The conclusion reveals that the excessive extraction of groundwater and larger compressibility of strata structure are the two major factors which will affect land subsidence in this area.