基于虚拟水理论的济南市水资源可持续利用现状研究

Study on Present Sustainable Utilization Condition of Water Resource Based on Virtual Water in Jinan City

摘要:

采用国际上前沿的虚拟水理论，运用联合国粮农组织（FAO）推荐的CLIMWAT 2.0 和CROPWAT 8.0软件，对济南市农业作物虚拟水含量进行计算，得出了2009—2014年济南市农业产品虚拟水总量；通过查阅、分析济南市2009—2014年水资源公报，计算出济南市2009—2014年林牧渔畜产品、工业产品、生态环境用水、城镇公共用水及生活用水的虚拟水总量；通过对济南市各产业虚拟水数据研究分析，得出了各产业虚拟水变化趋势及其原因；根据虚拟水理论，并与济南市水资源总量对比计算，得出济南市水资源匮乏指数，经研究得出济南市水资源可持续开发利用仍将面临严峻挑战的结论，并针对济南市水资源利用现状的严峻情况，提出了通过减少济南市虚拟水总量、增加水资源总量或节省水资源消耗达到降低水资源需求压力的目的，从而为济南市水资源可持续开发、利用提供参考及新思路。

Abstract:

Based on the virtual water theory, by using CLIMWAT 2 and CROPWAT 8 softwares recommended by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the virtual water content of agricultural crops in Jinan city have been calculated, virtual water content of agricultural products in 2009—2014 in Ji'nan city has been obtained. Through inspection and analysis on water resources bulletin from 2009 to 2014 in Jinan city, the total annual forest, the total amount of virtual water, including livestock products, industrial products, ecological environment of water, urban public water and living water in 2009—2014 in Ji'nan city has been calculated. Through study and analysis on the virtual water data of various industries in Jinan city, the trend and origin of virtual water changes in the industry have been gained. Based on virtual water theory, comparing with the total amount of water resources in Jinan city, water scarcity index has been gained. Finally, through research on the total virtual water, the total water resources, and water scarcity index from 2009 to 2014 in Jinan city, sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Jinan city will be faced with severe challenges. Pointing to severe condition of water resources utilization in Jinan city, the solutions have been put forward. In this paper, from the aspect of virtual water theory, present situation of water resources utilization in Jinan city has been studied and analyzed. It will provide references and new ideas for sustainable development and utilization of water resources in Jinan city.