地震勘探中多次反射折射波的影响分析及应对措施——以滕县煤田某煤矿地震勘探为例

Effect Analysis on Multiple Reflection Refraction in Seismic Exploration and Countermeasures—Setting Seismic Exploration in a Coal Mine in Tengxian Coalfield as an example

摘要:

多次反射折射波影响地下地质目标体的地震成像。在鲁西南某矿地震勘探区内，由于第四系与侏罗系底砾岩直接接触，且第四系厚度薄，反射系数大，产生了多次反射折射波。该研究分析了多次反射折射波产生的机理，优化调整了勘探设计，采取规则噪音滤波、叠前多道预测反褶积、精确的速度等针对性的处理措施，有效消除了多次反射折射波对有效波成像的影响，提高了资料信噪比，取得了较好的效果。

Abstract:

Multiple reflection and refraction waves will effect seismic image of underground geological targets. In seismic exploration in a coal mine in southwest of Shandong province, due to direct contact of Jurassic and Quaternary bottom conglomerate and thin Quaternary strata, the reflection coefficient was large and caused multiple reflected refraction. After analyzing generation mechanism of multiple reflected refraction, exploration design has been optimized and adjusted. Relative countermeasures have been carried out, such as regular noise filtering, prestack multichannel predictive deconvolution and accurate speed. It effectively eliminated the multiple reflected refraction effect on effective wave imaging, improved the signaltonoise ratio, and achieved good effect.