山东省滨州市地下水污染现状研究

Study on Present Condition of Underground Water Pollution in Binzhou City of Shandong Province

摘要:

水资源是人类赖以生存的不可替代的物质基础，在全球经济和社会可持续发展过程中占有相当重要的地位。近年来，随着工业和农业的快速发展以及城镇人口的快速增长，随之而来的石油类污染、纺织印染污染、城市垃圾和生产生活污水的不合理处置以及农业生产农药、化肥的大量使用，造成本来有限的地下水污染状况日趋加重。以20世纪80年代时期地下水水质测试资料为背景，利用2015年以及近年来取得的大量水质测试资料，采用“污染指数法”，对山东省滨州市进行区域地下水污染综合评价。研究表明：滨州市地下水无机污染以硝酸根、亚硝酸根、氯化物和硫酸盐为主，有机污染以二氯甲烷、三氯乙烯、1，1二氯乙烯、三氯甲烷为主。相比而言黄河以北地区因地下水水位埋藏较浅，包气带岩性以砂岩为主，而且化工和皮革鞣质加工企业较多，因此受到有机污染危害更大一些。

Abstract:

Water is an irreplaceable material foundation to the survival of humans. It occupies an important position in the process of global economic and social sustainable development. Accompanying with rapid development of industry and agricultue and rapid growth of urban population, petroleum pollution, textile dyeing and printing production sewage disposal and unreasonable use of pesticides and fertilizers for agricultural production caused serious groundwater pollution. Based on groundwater quality test data during the period of 1980s as the background, by using a lot of water quality testing data obtained in recent years, and using the pollution index method, comprehensive evaluation on the regional groundwater pollution has been carrried out. It is showed that inorganic pollution of shallow groundwater in Binzhou city is mainly composed of nitrate, nitrite, chloride and sulphate, and organic pollution is mainly composed of methylene chloride, trichloroethylene and 1, 1 dichloroethylene and chloroform. Compared with north part of the Yellow River, the buried depth of groundwater level in this area is relatively shallow. Lithology of unsaturated zone is mainly sandstone, and chemical industry and leather tannins processing enterprises are more. Thus, the hazard of organic pollution is worse.