Abstract:Through the summary of geochemical anomalies, geology of mining area and deposit characteristics of a weathering crust type tantalum niobium deposit in southern Ethiopia, its ore bodies, ore characteristics, genesis and ore controlling factors have been studied. It is pointed out that a lot of good anomalies in this area have not been verified, a large number of ore bearing granite pegmatites, and orebearing granite in deep part has not been controlled comprehensively. Through further work, the district is expected to find larger scale weathering crust type, pegmatite type and granite type tantalum niobium deposit.