Abstract:Rural residential land consolidation should not only play an important role in improving living conditions in rural areas, promote new rural construction and other aspects of urban and rural development, but also make contributions in vernacular architecture and cultural heritage protection. In this paper, the meaning of modern villages and traditional villages has been studied. Traditional villages can be divided into general traditional villages and special traditional villages. Present condition of traditional villages protection has been analyzed, protection contents of traditional villages in rural residential land consolidation have been put forward. According to different types of villages, the corresponding sorting direction and mode have been put forward as well.