济南南部山区喀斯特洞穴特征

Characteristics of Karstic Caves in Southern Mountain Areas of Jinan City

摘要:

济南南部山区是山东喀斯特洞穴发育地区之一,所统计的34个中,长度在50～500m的较大洞穴有7个。从洞穴发育的基本特征看,较大的洞穴多呈单通道水平廊道状,洞内保留有许多典型的溶蚀小形态(如窝穴、波痕类),但洞内沉积物较为单一,主要是一些崩积物、残积物和渗流水造成的碎屑物,碳酸钙化学沉积物相对较少,溶洞多表现为一种单调的干洞特点。从成因上看:较大洞穴属于具有潜流成因的次生渗流带洞穴;较小洞穴有裂隙状的渗流带洞穴、差异风化成因的壁龛式洞穴等。这些洞穴具有较大的开发潜力。

Abstract:

Karstic caves develope well in southern mountain are as in Shandong province. Among 34 caves,7 are rather big with the length of 50～5 00m. From basic developing characteristics of caves to see, many typical altered morphotypes are kept in caves (such as fossette and ripple type), but sedimenta ry in caves is rather simple, which are majorly composed of fragemental matters produced by colluvial deposit, residual deposit and percolating water, while che mical sedimentary produced by CaCO 3 is rather few. Caves appear as dry cave ch aracteristics. From the origin to see, large caves belong to secondary percolain g belt caves formed by percolating water; while small caves belong to crack type percolating belt cave, and stable hole formed by different weathering functions . These caves have large exploration potentiality.