济南泉域岩溶水动态特征及有关问题讨论

DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF KARST WATER IN JINAN SPRING FIELD AND DISCUSSION ON SOME QUESTIONS RELATED

摘要:

济南泉域岩溶水补给来源主要为大气降水渗入和河流渗漏，排泄方式主要为人工开采和泉水排泄，总体向北径流，多年平均补给量为70×104m3／d。1987～1996年间济南泉域岩溶水动态受降水影响极为明显：1987～1990年枯水期由于降水量少，水位呈下降趋势，1990年枯水期市区水位达到历年来最低点，为20．8m±；1991～1996年降水相对充沛，岩溶水水位总体呈上升趋势，1996年丰水期市区水位为十几年来最高值，达到29．4m。受人工开采量增加的影响，近十年泉域岩溶水水位较70年代以前明显下降，泉流量变小。济南市区岩溶水与西郊炒米店断裂（带）以东地区岩溶水联系密切，为此，加大峨嵋山水厂开采量或在炒米店断裂以西地区增加开采量不会对市区水位产生明显影响。

Abstract:

Infiltration of atomosphetic water and river leakage are major supply sources of karst water in Jinan spring field,while artificial water-taking and spring discharge are its major discharge forms. The karst water flows from south to north in a whole and the average recharge capacity is 70×104m3/d. The dynamic state of the karst water is greatly influenced by atomosphetic water sharply from 1987 to 1996. The water level had a falling trend because of poor atomosphetic water during dry seasons from 1987 to 19...